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Differences between IgA and IgE as secretory proteins.

S Nakajima, D N Gillespie, G J Gleich

    Clinical and Experimental Immunology
    |August 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study indicates Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a secretory immunoglobulin found in nasal washings, but differs from Immunoglobulin A (IgA) in its lower concentration in secretions compared to serum.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry
    • Proteomics

    Background:

    • Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a known secretory immunoglobulin found in external fluids.
    • Previous research suggested Immunoglobulin E (IgE) might also be a secretory immunoglobulin.
    • Understanding immunoglobulin distribution in secretions is crucial for immunological research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and levels of IgE, IgA, and albumin in human nasal washings (NW) and parotid fluids (PF).
    • To compare the proportions of these proteins in secretions versus serum.
    • To determine if IgE functions as a secretory immunoglobulin.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of IgE, IgA, and albumin in NW, PF, and serum from 17 individuals.
    • Utilized radioimmunoassay (RIA) for IgE and IgA in secretions, and RIA for IgE, turbidimetry for IgA, and radial immunodiffusion for albumin in serum.

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  • Calculated protein/total protein ratios and compared them between secretions and serum.

    • Main Results:

    • IgA was consistently found in NW and PF with higher ratios than in serum.
    • IgE was detected only in NW of atopic subjects, with lower ratios than in serum.
    • IgE was absent in parotid fluids, suggesting differential distribution in external secretions.

    Conclusions:

    • Results support IgE as a secretory immunoglobulin, evidenced by its presence in NW at higher proportions than expected by passive diffusion.
    • IgE's distinct concentration profile compared to IgA suggests localized production and differential transport mechanisms.
    • External secretions can be categorized based on their IgE content, highlighting distinct immunological roles.