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Fabrication of Silica Ultra High Quality Factor Microresonators

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Ultralow-threshold Raman laser using a spherical dielectric microcavity.

S M Spillane¹, T J Kippenberg, K J Vahala

¹Department of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA.

|February 8, 2002

Summary

Researchers developed a compact nonlinear Raman source using micrometer-sized dielectric spheres. This breakthrough offers highly efficient light conversion with significantly lower energy thresholds, enabling new applications in photonics and quantum optics.

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Quantum Optics and Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy

Background:

Confining optical energy in small volumes is crucial for cavity quantum electrodynamics and photonics.
Micrometer-sized dielectric spherical resonators offer superior energy storage and confinement.
Previous research utilized microdroplets for Raman excitation but lacked practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a novel micrometer-scale nonlinear Raman source.
To achieve high pump-signal conversion efficiency and ultralow pump thresholds.
To provide a compact platform for studying nonlinear optical effects and quantum light interactions.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of micrometer-sized dielectric spherical resonators.
Characterization of nonlinear Raman scattering within the resonators.
Measurement of pump-signal conversion efficiency and pump thresholds.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a nonlinear Raman source with conversion efficiency exceeding 35%.
Achieved pump thresholds nearly 1,000 times lower than previously reported.
Validated the potential for compact, ultralow-threshold light sources across various wavelength bands.

Conclusions:

Micrometer-scale dielectric spherical resonators are effective for nonlinear Raman generation.
The developed source offers a route to compact and efficient light generation for difficult-to-access wavelengths.
This system serves as a valuable building block for fundamental research in nonlinear optics and quantum light phenomena.