Discrimination of galanin receptor subtypes in RINm5F cells by structurally different galanin radioligands

Galanin (GAL) is a biologically active peptide that is involved in a variety of physiological functions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether porcine and rat galanin radioligands could be used as probes to discriminate GAL receptors (GALR) subtypes using a cell line, RINm5F, that express multiple GALR subtypes. Data from parallel equilibrium binding experiments using the same RINm5F membrane homogenates reveal that [125I]pGAL labels 20% more GALRs with a 2-fold lower affinity than those values identified when using [125I]rGAL. Competition studies using various GAL peptides showed different rank order of potencies depending on the radioligand used. Preincubation of RINm5F membranes with GppNHp, a non-hydrolizable GTP analog, prior to radioligand labeling suggests that a portion of GALRs is precoupled to G proteins. In addition, receptors labeled by [125I]rGAL appear more sensitive to GppNHp-induced uncoupling of G proteins than those labeled by [125I]pGAL. In conclusion, our data suggest that pGAL and rGAL radioligands define different pharmacological profiles of GALRs, and hence, these ligands can be used as pharmacological tools to discriminate GALR subtypes. Additionally, our data suggests that GALRs exist in a precoupled state with their respective G-proteins prior to interaction with the agonist.