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Related Experiment Videos

Vitamin E: murine studies versus clinical trials.

D Praticò1

  • 1Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, BRB II/III, Room 812, 421, Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. domenico@spirit.gcrc.upenn.edu

Italian Heart Journal : Official Journal of the Italian Federation of Cardiology
|February 13, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin E, a potent antioxidant, may protect against atherosclerosis by preventing LDL oxidation. However, clinical trial results are mixed, necessitating further research into optimal human study designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Vitamin E is a key lipid-soluble antioxidant in mammalian cells.
  • The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is implicated in atherogenesis.
  • Vitamin E supplementation is hypothesized to counteract LDL oxidation and prevent atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of vitamin E in preventing atherosclerosis.
  • To reconcile conflicting results from animal studies and human clinical trials.
  • To propose optimal future trial designs for vitamin E and atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on vitamin E, oxidative stress, and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of data from murine models of atherosclerosis.

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  • Examination of outcomes from various human clinical trials of vitamin E supplementation.

    • Main Results:

    • Murine models strongly support the protective role of vitamin E against atherosclerosis.
    • Human clinical trials show inconsistent results, ranging from significant protection to no effect.
    • Discrepancies are attributed to differences between animal and human studies, and among clinical trials.

    Conclusions:

    • The "oxidative hypothesis" linking vitamin E to atherosclerosis remains valid despite conflicting clinical data.
    • Differences in study design and populations may explain variable clinical trial outcomes.
    • Future human trials should carefully consider these factors to clarify vitamin E's role in atherosclerosis prevention.