Primary care diabetes. What options are there?
Related Experiment Videos
1University of Western Australia, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fermantle Hospital, Western Australia. byeap@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
Background:
The recognised incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing dramatically and the vital importance of good diabetes control in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is now well established. Weight reduction and oral hypoglycaemic therapy has been accompanied by new drug treatment options in type 2 diabetes, while refinements in insulin delivery are more relevant for patients with type 1 diabetes.
Objective:
To review currently available drug therapies and management strategies for type 2 diabetes, and optimal insulin treatment regimens for type 1 diabetes.
Discussion:
Weight reduction and regular exercise remain major lifestyle intervention priorities in type 2 diabetes. Metformin should be used early in overweight patients, and sulphonylureas as additive therapy. Acarbose, orlistat and the thiazolidinediones all have potential roles in the treatment of type 2 diabetes where cardiovascular risk factor reduction is also of vital importance. Insulin analogues and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion via insulin pumps will help to optimise insulin replacement regimens for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
Assessment:
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis