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Hyperandrogenism in adolescents.

Selma F Witchel1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.

Adolescent Medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|February 14, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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This chapter details adolescent hyperandrogenism, focusing on causes like steroidogenesis disorders and Cushing's syndrome in girls. It aids in diagnosing androgen excess, excluding polycystic ovary syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Excessive androgen secretion (hyperandrogenism) presents with hirsutism, acne, and irregular menses in women.
  • Male adolescents typically do not exhibit signs of androgen excess due to clinical presentation.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of hyperandrogenism but is covered separately.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the causes of hyperandrogenism in adolescents, with a focus on adolescent girls.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of specific endocrine disorders leading to androgen excess.
  • To offer guidance on differential diagnoses for hyperandrogenism in adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on androgen metabolism and steroidogenesis.

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  • Detailed examination of specific endocrine disorders causing hyperandrogenism.
  • Discussion of clinical features and diagnostic considerations.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified key causes of hyperandrogenism in adolescents: disorders of steroidogenesis, gonadal dysgenesis, Cushing's syndrome, tumors, and glucocorticoid resistance.
    • Highlighted the typical presentation of hyperandrogenism in females versus males.
    • Provided a framework for differential diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Adolescent hyperandrogenism requires careful evaluation to identify underlying causes beyond PCOS.
    • Understanding androgen excess disorders is crucial for timely diagnosis and management in adolescents.
    • This chapter serves as a guide for clinicians in diagnosing and managing hyperandrogenism.