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Cognitive functioning in individuals with "benign" essential tremor.

Laura H Lacritz1, Richard Dewey, Cole Giller

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75390-8898, USA. llacri@mednet.swmed.edu

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|February 15, 2002
PubMed
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Essential tremor (ET), a common movement disorder, is linked to mild cognitive deficits in memory, attention, and cognitive flexibility. These findings suggest subcortical system involvement, challenging the view of ET as benign.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Movement Disorders
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is the most prevalent movement disorder.
  • Its etiology and neurophysiological basis are not well understood.
  • ET has not been extensively studied from a neuropsychological viewpoint.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurocognitive functioning in individuals with severe Essential Tremor.
  • To assess memory, attention, and cognitive flexibility in ET patients.
  • To explore potential links between ET and cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropsychological assessment of 13 non-demented subjects with severe ET.
  • Evaluation of memory, cognitive flexibility, and attention.
  • Comparison of patient performance with published normative data.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • 12 out of 13 subjects showed impairment in at least one cognitive measure.
  • Cognitive deficits were observed irrespective of cognitive complaints, depression, or other risk factors.
  • The pattern of deficits suggested frontal-mediated process dysfunction, similar to Parkinson's disease.

Conclusions:

  • Mild cognitive deficits are common in severe Essential Tremor.
  • These deficits may be associated with subcortical system dysfunction.
  • The findings challenge the perception of ET as a purely benign condition.