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Caffeine dependence in teenagers.

Gail A Bernstein1, Marilyn E Carroll, Paul D Thuras

  • 1Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, F256/2B West, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. berns001@umn.edu

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|February 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Many adolescents exhibit caffeine dependence symptoms, including tolerance and withdrawal, even without consuming higher amounts. This research highlights the prevalence of caffeine dependence in teenagers, impacting their health.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Substance Dependence Research
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Caffeine is widely consumed by adolescents.
  • Adolescent caffeine consumption patterns and potential dependence are not fully understood.
  • Previous research has not extensively characterized caffeine dependence in this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize symptoms of caffeine dependence in adolescents.
  • To assess the prevalence of DSM-IV substance dependence criteria in adolescent caffeine users.
  • To understand the relationship between caffeine consumption levels and dependence in teenagers.

Main Methods:

  • Outpatient evaluation of 36 adolescents with daily caffeine consumption and suspected dependence.
  • Utilized the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV-Youth Version (DISC-IV).

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  • Applied modified DISC-IV questions to assess caffeine dependence based on DSM-IV criteria.

    • Main Results:

    • Over 77% of adolescents reported caffeine withdrawal symptoms.
    • 41.7% experienced tolerance, and 38.9% had difficulty controlling use.
    • 16.7% continued use despite awareness of associated health problems.
    • No significant difference in daily caffeine intake between dependent and non-dependent teens.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant proportion of adolescents display symptoms consistent with caffeine dependence.
    • Caffeine dependence in adolescents is characterized by tolerance, withdrawal, and continued use despite harm.
    • Findings underscore the need for awareness and potential interventions regarding adolescent caffeine use.