Telomerase inhibition, oligonucleotides, and clinical trials

David R Corey1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, TX 75390-9041, USA. david.corey@utsothwestern.edu

Oncogene
|February 19, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Telomerase is active in most tumors, suggesting telomerase inhibitors could treat cancer. This review explores 2'-O-alkyl oligonucleotide inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy, drawing parallels with similar drug trials.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Telomerase is expressed in most tumors but not normal somatic cells.
  • This suggests telomerase activity is crucial for cancer cell proliferation.
  • Telomerase inhibitors represent a potential cancer chemotherapy strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties of 2 -O-alkyl oligonucleotide inhibitors of telomerase.
  • To discuss the challenges and potential of using telomerase inhibitors in cancer treatment.
  • To highlight the feasibility of clinical trials for anti-telomerase oligomers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on telomerase inhibitors, specifically 2 -O-alkyl oligonucleotides.
  • Analysis of pharmacokinetic properties of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics.
  • Comparison with clinical trial data of oligonucleotide inhibitors targeting other cancer mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • 2 -O-alkyl oligonucleotides show promise as telomerase inhibitors.
  • Oligonucleotides targeting other cancer genes have demonstrated favorable pharmacokinetics.
  • Previous clinical trial experience with similar oligonucleotides facilitates potential anti-telomerase trials.

Conclusions:

  • Telomerase inhibitors are a promising avenue for cancer chemotherapy.
  • 2 -O-alkyl oligonucleotide inhibitors offer a specific strategy to target telomerase.
  • Existing knowledge of oligonucleotide drug delivery and trials supports the development of anti-telomerase therapies.

Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...