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Related Experiment Videos

Familiarity affects visual processing of words.

A Pollatsek, A D Well, R M Schindler

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
    |November 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The visual processing of words is faster than nonwords, suggesting a visual advantage. This "familiarity effect" stems from quicker visual representation formation and comparison for words.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Visual Perception
    • Experimental Psychology

    Background:

    • Previous studies show faster word processing than letter strings, but the visual basis is unclear.
    • The superior processing of words over nonwords needs to be confirmed as a visual effect.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if the word advantage in processing is a visual effect.
    • To determine if visual representations are formed and compared faster for words.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants compared letter strings for physical identity, with manipulated letter cases.
    • Response times were measured for word-nonword pairs differing only in case.

    Main Results:

    • Mean response time was significantly shorter for words than nonwords.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • This held true even for case-manipulated pairs (e.g., site-site).

    • Conclusions:

    • The word advantage (familiarity effect) is not solely based on word or letter names.
    • At least part of the familiarity effect arises from faster visual representation processing for words.