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Related Experiment Videos

Ageing, stress and the brain.

Bernard J Carroll1

  • 1Pacific Behavioral Research Foundation, Carmel, CA 93922-3040, USA.

Novartis Foundation Symposium
|February 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain aging involves synapse loss, not neuronal death, and is accelerated by chronic stress. Stress-induced hormonal changes and elevated body temperature contribute to brain pathology and faster aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Stress Research

Background:

  • Brain aging is a key factor in overall aging and mortality.
  • Neuronal loss is minimal in normal brain aging; synapse loss via dystrophic changes is characteristic.
  • Chronic stress induces similar brain changes, impacting forebrain synaptic input from brainstem regulatory nuclei.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the relationship between neuroregulation and brain aging.
  • To explore the role of lifetime stress and allostatic load in functional brain aging.
  • To propose mechanisms mediating brain pathology and accelerated aging under chronic stress.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of brain aging and neuroregulation.
  • Analysis of the concept of allostatic load in stress response.

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  • Identification of potential chronic mechanisms accelerating brain aging.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal brain aging is characterized by synapse loss, not significant neuronal loss.
    • Chronic stress mirrors aging brain changes, affecting synaptic input to the forebrain.
    • Allostatic load, mediated by the brain's stress response, links stress to mortality via hormonal changes and proximate pathologies.
    • Abnormal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) occupancy and elevated body temperature are proposed mechanisms for stress-induced brain pathology and accelerated aging.

    Conclusions:

    • The brain is central to stress-mediated mortality through hormonal pathways.
    • Chronic stress can accelerate brain aging via mechanisms like altered GR function and hyperthermia.
    • Understanding these mechanisms offers insights into conditions like human depression.