[Lung resection in drug resistant tuberculosis patients]

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Infectious Diseases
• Surgical Oncology

Context:

• Pulmonary tuberculosis treatment often involves surgery, particularly for drug-resistant strains.
• Mycobacteria tuberculosis (MT) resistance to bactericidal drugs (BD) presents significant clinical challenges.
• Surgical outcomes in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis require careful evaluation.

Purpose:

• To analyze the outcomes of lung resections in patients with Mycobacteria tuberculosis (MT) resistant to bactericidal drugs (BD).
• To compare surgical outcomes in drug-resistant TB patients with historical data from drug-susceptible TB patients.

Summary:

• The study analyzed 71 patients with drug-resistant MT undergoing surgery for pulmonary tuberculosis, most with fibrocavenous or cavernous disease.
• Postoperative complications occurred in 20% of patients, including empyema with bronchial fistula (6.5%).
• Immediate outcomes were satisfactory in 90%, but poor in 6%, with a 4% mortality rate, contrasting sharply with lower rates in drug-susceptible cases.

Impact:

• MT resistance to BD negatively affects surgical outcomes, increasing complication rates and mortality.
• These findings highlight the critical need for effective treatment strategies for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
• Optimizing surgical management and antibiotic regimens is crucial for improving patient outcomes in resistant TB cases.