Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 22, 2026
23:06
The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
[Risk factors associated to tuberculosis patients with positive sputum microscopy].
1Sección de Epidemiología, Delegación Territorial del Departamento de Sanidad y Seguridad Social de Lleida, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Lleida, Spain. godoy@slle.scs.es
Gaceta Sanitaria
|February 23, 2002
Summary
Tuberculosis transmission risk is higher in males with alcohol consumption and caverns. HIV coinfection and younger age significantly reduce this risk, indicating targeted interventions are crucial for high-risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) transmission is primarily driven by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patient sputum.
- Understanding risk factors for infectious TB cases is vital for controlling disease spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors associated with positive sputum smear results in new tuberculosis cases in Lleida, Spain.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study of new TB cases from 1992-1998.
- Analysis of variables including age, gender, HIV coinfection, injection drug use (IDU), alcohol consumption, chest X-ray findings (caverns), and direct smear results.
- Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Of 905 new TB cases, 44.9% had positive direct smears.
- Positive smear results were significantly associated with caverns (aOR=6.8), male gender (aOR=1.8), and alcohol consumption (aOR=1.6).
- Risk was lower in individuals under 15 (aOR=0.2) and those with HIV coinfection (aOR=0.5).
Conclusions:
- HIV coinfection appears to reduce the impact on TB endemicity.
- Targeted interventions, including contact tracing and directly observed treatment, should focus on adult males, particularly those with alcohol consumption and caverns, as well as IDU and HIV-coinfected individuals.
More Related Videos
10:04Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
Published on: September 5, 2017
09:34An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
Published on: August 16, 2021
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
01:23Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...