[Barrett's esophageal cancer]

Barrett's esophageal cancer is defined as carcinoma developing in Barrett's esophagus. The esophagogastric junction is located at the distal end of a network of fine longitudinal vessels, and the columnar epithelium existing above it is Barrett's mucosa. Barrett's mucosa, especially specialized columnar epithelium is considered as precancerous lesion, and malignant potential is examined in various ways. For the surveillance of malignant lesions from Barrett's esophagus, periodic endoscopic examination is necessary with chromoendoscopy or magnifying endoscopy. Treatment strategies are EMR and other endoscopic treatment for mucosal cancer, and surgical treatment for submucosal and advanced cancer. Several surgical modalities are employed depending on the stage of cancerous progression, the location of the cancer in Barrett's esophagus, and the length of Barrett's esophagus. There remain many unexplained problems in Barrett's esophagus and Barrett's cancer.