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Related Experiment Videos

Psychosocial issues in space: results from Shuttle/Mir.

N Kanas1, V Salnitskiy, E M Grund

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and VA Medical Center, San Francisco CA, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu

Gravitational and Space Biology Bulletin : Publication of the American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology
|February 28, 2002
PubMed
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Psychosocial dynamics in space missions revealed that negative emotions displaced from astronauts to mission control. Few changes in crew tension or cohesion were observed, but countermeasures are suggested.

Area of Science:

  • Space psychology
  • Human factors in aerospace
  • International space cooperation

Background:

  • Long-duration space missions present unique psychosocial challenges.
  • Understanding crew and ground support dynamics is crucial for mission success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate psychosocial issues including tension, cohesion, leader support, and emotion displacement during space missions.
  • To compare responses between U.S. and Russian participants, and between crew and ground personnel.

Main Methods:

  • A 4.5-year study involving U.S. and Russian space missions (Shuttle/Mir).
  • Weekly mood and group climate questionnaires administered to astronauts, cosmonauts, and mission control staff.
  • Analysis of responses across different mission phases and participant groups.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Space Human FactorsNASA Experiment Number 9401628Non-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Limited evidence for changes in crew tension, cohesion, or leader support over time.
  • Crewmembers reported decreasing leader support in the latter half of missions; astronauts showed a novelty effect early on.
  • Strong evidence for displacement of negative emotions from crew to mission control, and from mission control to management.
  • Significant differences observed between nationalities, crew vs. ground, and space vs. Earth-based groups.
  • No evidence of asthenia (space-related fatigue) was found.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial dynamics, particularly emotion displacement, are significant factors in long-duration spaceflight.
  • Findings suggest the need for targeted training and countermeasures to mitigate negative psychosocial impacts.
  • International collaboration in space requires understanding cultural and role-based differences in psychological responses.