Effect of hydrosalpinx fluid on secretion of trophoblastic matrix metalloproteinases
Nicole Jastrow1, Didier Chardonnens, Melvina Araman
1Infertility and Gynaecological Endocrinology Clinic, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Objective:
To determine if hydrosalpinx fluid affects trophoblastic metalloproteinases (MMPs) secretion.
Design:
Measurement of the effect of hydrosalpinx and peritoneal fluids (as controls) added to the medium on the MMPs secreted by cytotrophoblastic cells.
Setting:
Academic research center.
Patient(S):
Five samples of hydrosalpinx fluid were obtained at the time of ovocyte retrieval. Three samples of peritoneal fluids were collected at laparoscopic sterilization.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
The concentration and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, the concentration of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1), and the total gelatinolytic activity of the cytotrophoblastic cells were measured in the culture medium.
Result(S):
Hydrosalpinx significantly stimulated MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1. The net result was a significant stimulation of the total gelatinolytic activity. Peritoneal fluids increased MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 concentrations, but the total gelatinolytic activity was not modified.
Conclusion(S):
In contrast to peritoneal fluids, hydrosalpinx stimulates the total gelatinolytic activity of cytotrophoblastic cells. This might indicate that the effect of hydrosalpinx on implantation rates may not be due to an inhibition of the capacity of an embryo to invade the endometrium. However, the stimulatory effect of hydrosalpinx on the net gelatinolytic activity could partly explain the increased incidence of ectopic pregnancies that have been described in the presence of hydrosalpinx.
Insights
Hydrosalpinx fluid significantly stimulates metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) in cytotrophoblastic cells, increasing gelatinolytic activity. This may explain increased ectopic pregnancy rates but not necessarily reduced implantation rates.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Cellular and molecular biology
- Gynecology
Background:
- Hydrosalpinx is associated with reduced fertility and increased ectopic pregnancy risk.
- The role of hydrosalpinx fluid in early pregnancy events is not fully understood.
- Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial for embryo implantation and invasion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of hydrosalpinx fluid on the secretion of MMPs by human cytotrophoblastic cells.
- To compare the effects of hydrosalpinx fluid with peritoneal fluid on MMP secretion and activity.
Main Methods:
- Cytotrophoblastic cells were cultured with either hydrosalpinx fluid or peritoneal fluid.
- Concentration and activity of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 were measured in the culture medium.
- Total gelatinolytic activity of the cells was assessed.
Main Results:
- Hydrosalpinx fluid significantly increased the secretion and activity of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1.
- A significant net stimulation of total gelatinolytic activity was observed with hydrosalpinx fluid.
- Peritoneal fluid increased MMP and TIMP-1 concentrations but did not alter total gelatinolytic activity.
Conclusions:
- Hydrosalpinx fluid stimulates the gelatinolytic activity of cytotrophoblastic cells, unlike peritoneal fluid.
- This stimulation may contribute to the higher incidence of ectopic pregnancies in women with hydrosalpinx.
- The findings suggest that hydrosalpinx fluid's effect on implantation may not be solely due to inhibiting trophoblastic invasion.
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