Too young for ADHD: the potential role of systems of care

Bernard S Arons1, Judith Katz-Leavy, Alexandra C Wittig

  • 1Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857, USA. barons@samhsa.gov

Insights

Effective identification and management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschoolers are achievable through integrated service systems. This approach supports young children

Area of Science:

  • Child psychology
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Healthcare systems research

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presents unique diagnostic and treatment challenges in preschool children.
  • Understanding developmental factors influencing self-regulation is crucial for this age group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic and treatment issues for young children with ADHD.
  • To explore developmental factors impacting preschooler self-regulation.
  • To report on children with ADHD in community systems of care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic and treatment literature for young children with ADHD.
  • Analysis of developmental issues affecting cognitive and emotional development.
  • Examination of characteristics and outcomes for preschoolers with ADHD in community systems.
  • Highlighting relevant federal initiatives.

Main Results:

  • Preschoolers with ADHD are frequently served within community-based systems.
  • Symptom outcomes and characteristics of these children are detailed.
  • Key components of the systems of care approach are described.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated service systems are effective for identifying and managing preschool ADHD.
  • Community-based systems of care, supported by federal initiatives, can optimize care for young children with ADHD.

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