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Food allergy in children
J O Hourihane1, P K Smith, S Strobel
1Department of Child Health, Southmapton University, Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London, UK.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|March 6, 2002
Summary
Food allergies are a growing global health concern, impacting children
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Clinical Nutrition
- Public Health
Background:
- Food allergies are increasing globally, affecting children's diet, school life, and family well-being.
- Nut allergies are linked to severe reactions and fatalities.
- Diagnosis and management are crucial due to significant health and psychological impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnosis and management of food allergies in children.
- To highlight the role of specific food immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin prick tests (SPT).
- To discuss current challenges and future directions in food allergy treatment.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of diagnostic tools including specific food IgE and SPT.
- Consideration of formal food challenges for diagnosis.
- Review of dietary management, risk avoidance, and emergency plans.
Main Results:
- Specific food IgE and SPT are valuable in selected pediatric populations.
- Formal challenges may be needed to differentiate allergies from intolerances.
- Most childhood egg and milk allergies resolve by age 3-5 (approx. 80%).
Conclusions:
- Effective management of pediatric food allergies requires a multidisciplinary approach.
- Advances in immunotherapy have not yet yielded successful human treatments.
- Accurate diagnosis and risk assessment are key for reintroducing foods and improving quality of life.