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Rationale for a tissue-based selenium criterion for aquatic life.

Steven J Hamilton1

  • 1Field Research Station, Biological Resources Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, 31247 436th Avenue, Yankton, SD57078-6364, USA. steve_hamilton@usgs.gov

Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|March 7, 2002
PubMed
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A new national criterion for protecting aquatic life from selenium contamination is proposed. A tissue-based criterion of 4 microg/g is recommended over water-based measures due to selenium

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Aquatic Toxicology

Background:

  • Growing body of selenium literature highlights contamination concerns.
  • Current US national water quality criterion for selenium (5 microg/l) established in 1987.
  • Adverse effects in fish observed at waterborne selenium concentrations below the current criterion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Propose a national tissue-based criterion for aquatic life protection in the US.
  • Address technical issues for a freshwater aquatic life chronic criterion for selenium.
  • Evaluate water-based, tissue-based, and sediment-based criterion possibilities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of selenium literature, including laboratory and field data.
  • Peer consultation workshop by the US Environmental Protection Agency.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of selenium's biogeochemical pathways and bioaccumulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Water-based criterion deemed unsuitable due to selenium's bioaccumulation potential.
    • Limited data available to support a sediment-based criterion.
    • A tissue-based criterion integrates exposure routes, chemical form, and metabolic factors.

    Conclusions:

    • A national tissue-based criterion for selenium is proposed.
    • A conservative value of 4 microg/g for a tissue-based criterion is supported by data.
    • This criterion may have international importance for selenium contamination management.