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Periodontal bacteria in rabbit mandibular and maxillary abscesses
Kerin L Tyrrell1, Diane M Citron, Jeffrey R Jenkins
1R.M. Alden Research Laboratory, UCLA/Santa Monica Medical Center, Santa Monica, California 90404, USA. KLTyrrell@UCLAlumni.net
Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|March 7, 2002
Summary
Bacteriology of rabbit dental abscesses revealed common oral pathogens. Clindamycin, penicillin, and ceftriaxone showed high efficacy against these bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Odontogenic abscesses are common in pet rabbits, yet their bacteriology is poorly understood.
- Ambiguous clinical cultures complicate antibiotic selection for rabbit dental infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the specific bacteria involved in rabbit mandibular and maxillary abscesses.
- To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates to commonly used antibiotics.
Main Methods:
- Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were performed on 12 rabbit abscess specimens.
- Isolates were tested against 10 antimicrobial agents, including clindamycin, penicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Main Results:
- Pathogenic bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella spp., and Actinomyces israelii were identified.
- 100% susceptibility was observed for clindamycin, 96% for penicillin and ceftriaxone, and only 7% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Conclusions:
- The identified bacteria align with those found in periodontal disease in other mammals.
- Clindamycin, penicillin, and ceftriaxone are effective treatments for rabbit odontogenic abscesses, while trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is largely ineffective.