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Protothecosis in human medicine
Daniela Thiele1, Armin Bergmann
1Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Abstract:
Prototheca spp. are ubiquitous achlorophyllous algae that produce disease in humans and animals. In the past years infections with Prototheca have obtained increasing importance in human medicine. The cases have been classified into three clinical forms: cutaneous and/or subcutaneous infection, synovitis of olecranon bursa or other fibrous tissue and systemic infection. Patients with a mild degree of immunosuppression may become colonized by Prototheca spp. with a subsequent worsening of their immune surveillance and spread of the disease. Among the numerous pharmacologic agents tried, amphotericin B is the most promising. Successful treatment of protothecosis involves radical excision of the involved structures.
Insights
Prototheca algae can cause infections in humans and animals. Amphotericin B and surgical removal are key treatments for protothecosis.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Prototheca species are achlorophyllous algae causing disease in humans and animals.
- Prototheca infections are increasingly significant in human medicine.
- Immunosuppression can lead to Prototheca colonization and disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical significance and treatment of Prototheca infections.
- To highlight the challenges in managing protothecosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Prototheca infections.
- Analysis of clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Prototheca infections present in three main clinical forms: cutaneous/subcutaneous, synovitis, and systemic.
- Amphotericin B shows promise as a pharmacologic agent.
- Radical excision of affected tissues is crucial for successful treatment.
Conclusions:
- Prototheca infections require a multi-faceted treatment approach.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are essential for managing protothecosis.