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Positivism and qualitative nursing research.

J Paley1

  • 1University of Stirling, UK.

Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice
|March 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Qualitative nursing researchers share epistemological similarities with positivists, particularly in their focus on observation and subjectivity. Overcoming antagonism towards positivism may clarify methodological differences between qualitative research and natural sciences.

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing research methodology
  • Philosophy of science

Background:

  • Qualitative methodologists often express hostility towards positivism.
  • However, qualitative researchers and positivists share common epistemological and ontological stances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the shared philosophical underpinnings between qualitative researchers and positivists.
  • To examine the implications of this shared ground for understanding methodological differences in nursing research.

Main Methods:

  • Philosophical analysis of positivist and qualitative research methodologies.
  • Comparative analysis of epistemological and ontological assumptions.

Main Results:

  • Both qualitative researchers and positivists are pro-observation, pro-induction, pro-plausibility, and pro-subjectivity.
  • Both groups are generally anti-cause, anti-realist, anti-explanation, anti-correspondence, and anti-truth.
  • A key difference lies in the view of methodological uniformity between natural and social sciences.

Conclusions:

  • Qualitative research in nursing may benefit from a less hostile stance towards positivism to better understand its divergence from natural sciences.
  • Positivism's potential failure in natural sciences might highlight its applicability to social sciences due to methodological distinctions.

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