Herbal medicine: potential for intoxication and interactions with conventional drugs

The use of herbal remedies for the prevention and treatment of a variety of illnesses in small animals has increased tremendously in recent years. Whereas most herbal remedies, when used as directed and under the supervision of knowledgeable individuals, are safe, the potential for adverse effects or intoxications certainly exists. Due to inherent toxicity, some herbal remedies should not be used under any circumstance. In addition, because nearly all herbal remedies contain multiple, biologically active constituents, interaction with conventional drugs is a concern. It is incumbent upon clinicians to be aware of those herbs that can cause intoxication, and to be cognizant of potential herb-drug interactions. There are a number of evidence-based resources available to assist clinicians in the safe use of herbal remedies.