CAP37, a novel inflammatory mediator: its expression in endothelial cells and localization to atherosclerotic lesions

Cationic antimicrobial protein of 37 kd (CAP37), originally isolated from human neutrophils, is an important multifunctional inflammatory mediator. Here we describe its localization within the vascular endothelium associated with atherosclerotic plaques. Evidence from in vitro immunocytochemical, Northern blot, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicates that CAP37 is induced in endothelial cells in response to inflammatory mediators. Endothelial-derived CAP37 shows sequence identity with an extensive region of neutrophil-derived CAP37. This is the first demonstration of endogenous endothelial CAP37, confirmed by sequence analysis. We suggest that, because of its induction and location in the endothelium and its known monocyte- and endothelial-activating capabilities, CAP37 has potential to modulate monocyte/endothelial dynamics at the vessel wall in inflammation.