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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Published on: April 8, 2013

Neurogenic mechanisms in rhinosinusitis.

¹Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Georgetown University Medical Center, GL-020 Gorman Building, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA. baraniuj@gunet.georgetown.edu

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports

|March 15, 2002

Summary

Nasal nerve stimulation triggers protective responses like mucus secretion and sneezing. Dysfunctional reflexes and sympathetic tone loss may cause rhinitis and rhinopathy.

Area of Science:

Rhinology
Neuroscience
Immunology

Background:

Nasal sensory nerve stimulation causes pain and congestion.
Substance P release stimulates glandular secretion for mucosal defense.
Parasympathetic reflexes and sympathetic tone regulate nasal function.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanisms of nasal sensory nerve stimulation.
To understand the role of parasympathetic and sympathetic reflexes in nasal physiology.
To explore the contribution of these pathways to rhinitis and rhinopathy.

Main Methods:

Review of physiological mechanisms of nasal response.
Analysis of neurochemical mediators like substance P.
Examination of receptor pathways (muscarinic M3).

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Main Results:

Nasal stimulation activates nociceptive nerves, releasing substance P and initiating glandular secretion.
Parasympathetic reflexes, mediated by M3 receptors, enhance secretion.
Sympathetic vasoconstriction maintains nasal patency, while loss of tone may cause chronic issues.

Conclusions:

Nasal sensory nerves and associated reflexes are crucial for airway protection.
Dysfunction in these pathways is implicated in allergic, infectious, and nonallergic rhinitides.
Sympathetic tone is vital for nasal patency, and its loss may underlie chronic rhinopathies.