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Cognitive dysfunction in patients with mildly disabling relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: an exploratory study

Marco Rovaris1, Giuseppe Iannucci, Monica Falautano

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute and University Ospedale San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|March 19, 2002
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) metrics correlate with cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). DT-MRI may reflect the severity of attention, language, and memory deficits in RRMS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Previous studies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS) yielded inconsistent findings.
  • Diffusion tensor (DT)-MRI offers metrics sensitive to MS lesion load, with greater specificity to destructive pathology than conventional imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the correlation between DT-MRI-derived quantities and cognitive impairment measures in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
  • To investigate the contribution of lesion characteristics and normal-appearing tissue integrity to neuropsychological deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired T2, T1, and DT-MRI brain scans from 34 RRMS patients.
  • Administered a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery assessing language, reasoning, attention, and memory.

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  • Calculated lesion volumes, brain volume, and histogram-derived metrics (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy) for various brain tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • Nine patients (26.5%) exhibited cognitive impairment.
    • Moderate correlations (r = -0.30 to -0.53) were observed between cognitive test scores and T2/T1 lesion volumes, and DT-MRI metrics of brain tissue, normal-appearing brain tissue, white matter, and gray matter.
    • No significant correlations were found between cognitive scores and overall brain volume or average lesion fractional anisotropy.

    Conclusions:

    • DT-MRI provides quantitative metrics that appear to reflect the severity of language, attention, and memory deficits in RRMS.
    • Both the extent/nature of macroscopic lesions and damage in normal-appearing white and gray matter contribute to neuropsychological deficits in RRMS.