Insulin-related peptides and their conserved signal transduction pathway
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Updated: Oct 2, 2026

Human Pseudoislet System for Synchronous Assessment of Fluorescent Biosensor Dynamics and Hormone Secretory Profiles
Published on: November 3, 2023
Ilse Claeys1, Gert Simonet, Jeroen Poels
1Laboratory for Developmental Physiology and Molecular Biology, K.U., Leuven, Belgium. ilse.claeys@bio.kuleuven.ac.be
Abstract:
The 'insulin superfamily' is an ancient category of small, structurally related proteins, such as insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and relaxin. Insulin-like signaling molecules have also been described in different invertebrates, including nematodes, mollusks, and insects. They initiate an evolutionary conserved signal transduction mechanism by binding to a heterotetrameric, membrane-spanning receptor tyrosine kinase. Recent physiological and genetic studies have revealed that, in different metazoans, the insulin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of a variety of interrelated, fundamental processes, such as metabolism, growth, reproduction and aging.
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