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American cutaneous leishmaniasis.

M A J Michael Royer1, C O L Mark Crowe

  • 1Department of Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, NC, USA.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|March 20, 2002
PubMed
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Three US soldiers contracted American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Panama. Prompt diagnosis and intravenous antimonial treatment led to good clinical improvement, highlighting the importance of recognizing this parasitic infection.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a parasitic disease endemic to tropical regions.
  • Leishmaniasis outbreaks can occur in various settings, including military deployments.
  • Increased global mobility necessitates awareness of neglected tropical diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report three cases of ACL in US Army soldiers returning from Panama.
  • To describe the clinical and histopathological features of these ACL cases.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing ACL in non-endemic regions.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation of three soldiers presenting with skin lesions.
  • Microscopic examination of skin biopsy specimens.

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  • Identification of Leishmania parasites and species confirmation through culture.

    • Main Results:

    • Soldiers developed crusted, indurated papules that enlarged over six weeks.
    • Skin biopsies showed granulomatous inflammation with Leishmania parasites in histiocytes.
    • Cultures identified Leishmania brasiliensis subspecies panamensis.

    Conclusions:

    • Early recognition of ACL is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
    • Intravenous pentavalent antimonial therapy proved effective in managing these cases.
    • Clinicians should consider ACL in individuals with relevant travel history and suggestive skin lesions.