Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 2, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
Published on: September 21, 2017
Incidence, severity, and patterns of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries in motorcycle crashes
Jess F Kraus1, Corinne Peek-Asa, H Gill Cryer
1Southern California Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-2884, USA. jkraus@ucla.edu
Background:
Although severe head injuries have been reduced with helmet use, little has been done to address the severity of trauma to organs of the trunk in motorcycle crashes. We detail the frequency, severity, and pattern of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries that may be helpful in the recognition and medical treatment of such injuries.
Methods:
Diagnostic and treatment information from emergency room, hospital, and coroner records from a cohort of motorcyclists injured from 1991 to 1992 were obtained from 28 hospitals and 11 coroners in California.
Results:
Multiple intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries were common, and the number and bilaterality of rib fractures were strongly associated with chances of injuries to the thoracic and abdominal organs.
Conclusion:
Patients with severe injury in one anatomic region of the trunk are very likely to have severe injuries in the same or other anatomic regions. These patients are best treated in trauma centers, where rapid diagnosis and treatment are possible.
Related Concept Videos
Flail Chest-II
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Flail Chest-I
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Cellular Injury II: Classification
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology
