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Related Experiment Videos

Simulation of space cabin atmosphere.

V P Savina1, K N Mikos, V E Ryzhkova

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Problems, USSR Ministry of Health, Moscow, USSR.

Acta Astronautica
|October 1, 1979
PubMed
Summary

The Soyuz 22 space cabin atmosphere was analyzed for volatile organic contaminants. Most detected compounds, including methane and ethanol, were found at concentrations similar to mock-up experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft environmental monitoring
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Atmospheric science

Background:

  • Maintaining a safe and healthy atmosphere within crewed spacecraft is critical for astronaut well-being and mission success.
  • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can originate from various sources within a spacecraft, including materials, equipment, and human metabolism.
  • Understanding the composition and concentration of VOCs in a spacecraft's atmosphere is essential for developing effective life support systems and monitoring potential health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and quantify volatile organic trace contaminants in the Soyuz 22 space cabin atmosphere.
  • To compare the measured concentrations of these contaminants with those obtained during mock-up experiments.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the spacecraft's environmental control and life support systems in managing atmospheric composition.

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Main Methods:

  • Atmospheric samples were collected from the Soyuz 22 space cabin.
  • Gas chromatography (GC) was employed as the primary analytical technique for separating and identifying volatile organic compounds.
  • Quantification of identified compounds was performed using established GC calibration methods.

Main Results:

  • Several volatile organic constituents were identified in the Soyuz 22 space cabin atmosphere, including methane, ethane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, and ethyl benzene.
  • Concentrations of most identified compounds were found to be comparable to those determined in previous mock-up experiments.
  • Acetone was the only compound whose concentration deviated significantly from the mock-up experiment values.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully identified key volatile organic trace contaminants in the Soyuz 22 space cabin atmosphere.
  • The findings suggest that the spacecraft's environmental conditions largely align with pre-flight simulations for most monitored VOCs.
  • Further investigation into the elevated acetone levels may be warranted to understand its specific source or behavior within the actual space environment.