Does type of surgeon matter in rectal cancer surgery? Evidence, guideline consensus and surgeons' views

One of the most obvious but controversial trends in contemporary surgical practice is that of subspecialization. There is a lack of definitive evidence that subspecialization improves cancer outcomes largely because previous research is compromised by confounding variables of referral practice, lack of standardized definitions of surgical skills and selection bias. Randomized controlled trials of generalized versus subspecialist surgical care are unlikely ever to be performed. The present study of surgeons' views about the role of subspecialization in the care of colorectal cancer patients demonstrates partisan reactions among surgeons themselves (89% response rate). Results of national audits will contribute to wider debate about surgical subspecialization in colorectal cancer.