Peroxisomes in dermatology. Part II
K J Smith1, E Dipreta, H Skelton
1Department of Dermatology, National Naval Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20889-5600, USA. hskelii@aol.com
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|March 22, 2002
Summary
Peroxisomes are vital organelles involved in metabolism and cellular regulation. Modulating peroxisomal proliferator activator receptors (PPARs) shows promise for treating skin disorders and improving wound healing.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Peroxisomes, once considered minor organelles, are now recognized for crucial roles in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism.
- They influence lipid, hormone, and xenobiotic metabolism, impacting cellular membranes, insulin sensitivity, aging, and tumorigenesis via oxidative stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review genetic peroxisomal disorders, particularly those affecting the skin.
- To explore genetic defects underlying these disorders.
- To discuss peroxisomal proliferator activator receptors (PPARs) and their role in modulating peroxisomal functions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of genetically determined peroxisomal disorders.
- Analysis of recent findings on specific genetic defects.
- Examination of the role of PPARs and their ligands in peroxisomal function modulation.
Main Results:
- Genetically determined peroxisomal disorders can significantly impact skin health.
- PPARs and their ligands offer a mechanism to modulate peroxisomal activity.
- The discovery of PPARs has led to the development of drugs targeting peroxisomal function.
Conclusions:
- PPAR modulation in the skin presents therapeutic potential for inflammatory skin conditions like acne vulgaris.
- PPAR ligands may address skin barrier dysfunction, aging effects, and impaired wound healing.
- These ligands could also mitigate side effects from metabolic dysregulation caused by other drugs.
Related Concept Videos
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02:04Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids
Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
01:24Peroxisomes
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01:27Protein Import into the Peroxisomes
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o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...