Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema

As previously noted, although visual loss usually does not fall below 20/200 in the presence of ME, it may nevertheless be a significant disability. Additional interventions may include referral to low vision clinics, home health agencies, visual loss support groups, and local or regional blindness agencies to aid the patient's occupational rehabilitation, coping mechanisms, and adaptation responses in the presence of this potentially debilitating process. Control of blood sugar, blood pressure, and the intervention of focal/grid laser treatments to seal leaks and prevent further edema provide the best chance of maintaining useful vision throughout life. Patient education is paramount to improve comprehension of the condition, recommended treatment modalities, and compliance with prescribed regimens. Assessments and interventions related to knowledge and sensory deficits, anxiety, discomfort, ineffective coping mechanisms, and health maintenance behaviors add a quality link in the multidisciplinary approach surrounding the delivery of care to patients with NPDR and clinically significant ME.