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Re-examining alveolate evolution using multiple protein molecular phylogenies.

Naomi M Fast1, Lingru Xue, Scott Bingham

  • 1Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
|March 23, 2002
PubMed
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Phylogenetic analysis of alveolates suggests that apicomplexa and dinoflagellates are closely related. However, this relationship is not as strong as previously assumed, with some data supporting alternative groupings.

Area of Science:

  • * Protistology and molecular evolution.
  • * Investigating eukaryotic phylogeny and evolutionary relationships.

Background:

  • * Alveolates, a diverse protist group, comprise ciliates, apicomplexa, and dinoflagellates.
  • * Current understanding posits closer evolutionary ties between apicomplexa and dinoflagellates, primarily based on ribosomal RNA data.
  • * Limited morphological and molecular data from dinoflagellates necessitate further investigation into alveolate phylogeny.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To clarify the phylogenetic relationships among the three major alveolate lineages.
  • * To assess the strength of the apicomplexa-dinoflagellate evolutionary link using multi-gene sequence data.

Main Methods:

  • * Sequencing of six genes (actin, beta-tubulin, hsp70, BiP, hsp90, mitochondrial hsp10) from the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii.

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  • * Phylogenetic tree inference using individual genes and combined datasets.
  • * Analysis of the impact of outgroup selection on phylogenetic topology.

    • Main Results:

    • * Beta-tubulin, hsp70, BiP, and hsp90 genes proved valuable for intra-alveolate phylogenetic analysis.
    • * Individual and combined gene analyses generally supported the apicomplexa-dinoflagellate clade.
    • * Alternative topologies, including a dinoflagellate-ciliate grouping, could not be statistically rejected, indicating a less robust sisterhood.

    Conclusions:

    • * The study supports the sisterhood of apicomplexa and dinoflagellates.
    • * The phylogenetic evidence suggests this relationship is not as strongly supported as previously inferred from ribosomal RNA data alone.
    • * Further multi-gene analyses are crucial for resolving alveolate evolutionary history.