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Hyperinsulinemia in pre- and post-pubertal children born small for gestational age

N Potau1, M Gussinyé, C Sanchez Ufarte

  • 1Hormonal Laboratory, Hospital Materno Infantil Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain. npotau@cs.vhebron.es

Hormone Research
|March 23, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Children born small for gestational age (SGA) show early signs of insulin resistance. This study found higher insulin levels in adolescents and young adults born SGA, indicating a potential risk for future metabolic issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

Background:

  • Reduced fetal growth is linked to later-life metabolic abnormalities.
  • Established link between low birthweight and impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance in adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate if insulin resistance, associated with fetal undernutrition, is present in young adults and adolescents born small for gestational age (SGA).

Main Methods:

  • Recruited pre-pubertal and post-pubertal children born with birthweights below the third centile (SGA).
  • Administered a standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test to 100 participants (51 pre-pubertal, 49 post-pubertal).
  • Compared insulin and glucose responses to control children with normal birthweight.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher insulin response at 30 minutes post-glucose load in both pre- and post-pubertal SGA individuals compared to controls.
  • Girls born SGA also exhibited higher insulin responses at 60 and 120 minutes.
  • Mean serum insulin (MSI) was statistically increased in all SGA participants (boys and girls, pre- and post-pubertal).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated insulin levels post-glucose challenge in SGA children/adolescents may signal early insulin resistance.
  • This cohort allows for studying the progression and outcomes of hyperinsulinemia.
  • Potential for early therapeutic interventions in identified at-risk youth.
Abstract

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