Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
11:19
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
Published on: January 17, 2011
Anaesthetic agents in paediatric day case surgery: do they affect outcome?
E W Moore1, B J Pollard, R E Elliott
1University of Liverpool, University Department of Anaesthesia, UK. e.w.m@17druids.freeserve.co.uk
European Journal of Anaesthesiology
|March 27, 2002
Summary
Choosing the right anesthetic technique is crucial for minimizing postoperative complications in pediatric day case surgery. This review compares anesthetic agents to optimize patient outcomes and reduce side effects like nausea and delirium.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Day case surgery for children is increasing, necessitating optimized anesthetic and surgical care.
- Minimizing postoperative morbidity, such as delirium and nausea, is essential for the success of pediatric day surgery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of anesthetic techniques on postoperative outcomes in pediatric day case surgery.
- To compare various anesthetic agents and their effects on patient recovery and side effects.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies comparing different anesthetic techniques in pediatric day surgery.
- Analysis of outcomes including induction, cardiovascular effects, recovery, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
- Comparison of sevoflurane, halothane, propofol, desflurane, and nitrous oxide.
Main Results:
- Different anesthetic agents show varying effects on induction, cardiovascular stability, and recovery times.
- Sevoflurane and propofol generally demonstrate favorable outcomes compared to halothane in certain aspects.
- The use of nitrous oxide can influence postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence.
Conclusions:
- Anesthetic technique significantly impacts postoperative outcomes in pediatric day surgery.
- Careful selection of anesthetic agents can reduce morbidity and improve patient experience.
- Further research is needed to establish definitive best practices for anesthetic management in this population.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics
The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
01:23Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
01:11Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
01:24General Anesthesia: Overview
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
01:20Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...