Cowden disease. Report of two additional cases

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology
• Genetics

Background:

• Cowden disease is a rare genetic disorder.
• It is characterized by an increased risk of developing benign and malignant tumors.

Observation:

• Reported are two patients diagnosed with Cowden disease.
• Clinical presentation included facial papules, oral nodules, and lesions on forearms and hands.

Findings:

• Cowden disease is associated with a high incidence of tumors in the thyroid, breasts, gastro-intestinal tract, and female reproductive system.
• Cutaneous manifestations serve as crucial indicators for the syndrome.

Implications:

• Physicians can utilize the recognition of specific cutaneous lesions for the early diagnosis of Cowden disease.
• Early diagnosis facilitates timely management and monitoring of associated internal neoplasia, improving patient outcomes.