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Type IV hypersensitivity to vitamin K.

Sabine Sommer¹, S Mark Wilkinson, Daniel Peckham

¹Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.

Contact Dermatitis

|March 29, 2002

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Contact dermatitis·2026

A woman experienced a delayed allergic reaction to vitamin K1 (phytomenadione) injection, developing eczema and angioedema. Patch testing confirmed vitamin K1 allergy, with cross-reactivity to vitamin K4 and dressing components.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Pharmacology

Background:

Vitamin K1 (phytomenadione) is essential for blood coagulation.
Intramuscular injections are a common route for vitamin K administration.
Adverse reactions to medications, including vitamin K, can occur.

Observation:

A 27-year-old woman developed a localized eczematous reaction post-intramuscular vitamin K1 injection.
The reaction recurred under an adhesive dressing (Duoderm), suggesting contact sensitization.
Persistent angioedema was noted for several months, with symptoms recurring even two years later.

Findings:

Patch testing revealed positive reactions to vitamin K1 and vitamin K4, indicating an allergic response to vitamin K analogs.
The patient also showed positive reactions to colophonium and ester gum rosin, components of the adhesive dressing.

Related Experiment Videos

This suggests a dual sensitization to both the medication and the dressing material.

Implications:

This case highlights the potential for delayed hypersensitivity reactions to vitamin K1.
It underscores the importance of considering both the drug and excipients/delivery systems in allergic reactions.
Understanding structure-activity relationships in vitamin K allergens is crucial for predicting and preventing such reactions.