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Neoplastic masquerade syndromes.

Russell W Read1, Ehud Zamir, Narsing A Rao

  • 1Doheny Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|March 29, 2002
PubMed
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Neoplastic processes can mimic inflammatory conditions, presenting as masquerade syndromes. Early diagnosis through careful evaluation and histopathology is crucial for effective treatment of these rare but serious conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Masquerade syndromes present as inflammatory conditions but stem from neoplastic processes.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires thorough patient history, physical examination, and histopathologic evaluation.
  • Primary intraocular lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma are common neoplastic masquerade syndromes, particularly in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neoplastic conditions that mimic inflammatory diseases.
  • To detail diagnostic strategies, therapeutic options, and prognostic factors for these masquerade syndromes.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of both lymphomatous and non-lymphomatous masquerade syndromes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of neoplastic conditions presenting as masquerade syndromes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches including ancillary investigations and histopathology.
  • Synthesis of information on therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Primary intraocular/central nervous system lymphoma is a frequent masquerade syndrome in elderly patients.
    • Various lymphomatous and non-lymphomatous conditions, including melanoma, retinoblastoma, and metastatic lesions, can present as masquerade syndromes.
    • Effective management hinges on distinguishing neoplastic etiology from true inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Masquerade syndromes necessitate a high index of suspicion and meticulous diagnostic workup.
    • Timely identification and appropriate treatment of underlying neoplastic processes are vital for patient prognosis.
    • A broad differential diagnosis is essential when evaluating conditions that mimic inflammation.