Circulating adhesion molecules in sera of asthmatic children

Infiltration of cells into the lung in asthma is regulated by several expressions of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) on cells present in the airways, and may play a role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. We sought to evaluate the role of serum concentrations of the soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and E-selectin (sE-selectin) in the control of disease activity in acute asthma. Circulating levels of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin in sera from 15 normal control subjects and from 20 allergic asthmatic children with acute exacerbations who had returned to stable condition were determined by using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The mean concentration of serum sICAM-1 levels was significantly higher during an acute exacerbation of asthmatic children than in those with stable asthma (19.41 +/- 10.65 ng/mL vs. 13.46 +/- 5.44 ng/mL; P < 0.001) or in control subjects (9.83 +/- 2.02 ng/mL; P < 0.001). For sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin, the mean serum concentration of sVCAM-1 was slightly higher in children during an acute exacerbation asthma than when stable. However, the differences did not reach statistical significance. The mean serum concentrations of sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin in acute asthma or stable asthma were significantly higher than in control subjects. This study provides further evidence that serum concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and sE-selectin are increased in acute asthma. These findings further confirm that leukocyte endothelial adhesion plays a role in inflammatory airway disease.