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Bone geometry in cercopithecoid mandibles.

David J Daegling1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117305, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. daegling@anthro.ufl.edu

Archives of Oral Biology
|April 2, 2002
PubMed
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Mandibular cortical bone geometry in Old World monkeys shows consistent patterns despite diverse diets. This suggests similar masticatory stress loading across anthropoid primates, independent of diet specialization.

Area of Science:

  • Primate Paleontology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Cortical bone distribution in the mandibular corpus is influenced by masticatory stress and diet.
  • Understanding primate jaw morphology aids in reconstructing feeding behaviors and evolutionary relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between mandibular corpus cortical bone geometry, masticatory stress patterns, and dietary specialization in cercopithecoid primates.
  • To determine if jaw morphology reflects diet or conserved biomechanical loading patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to measure cortical bone distribution in the mandibles of three cercopithecoid species.
  • Quantified bone arrangement using ratios of cortical area to subperiosteal area, orthogonal second moments of area, and size-adjusted measures of cortical area and thickness.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared cross-sectional geometry across species with differing diets and feeding behaviors.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent patterns of lingually thin and basally thick cortical bone were observed within individual mandibular sections across all three species.
    • Despite marked differences in diet and feeding behavior, mandibular cross-sectional geometry showed conserved patterns.
    • These findings suggest that masticatory loading profiles may be broadly similar across anthropoid primates.

    Conclusions:

    • The asymmetrical arrangement of cortical bone in the mandibular corpus is likely a response to biomechanical forces (shear, bending, torsion) rather than a direct indicator of diet.
    • Dietary specialization in cercopithecoids does not significantly alter mandibular cortical bone distribution.
    • Inferring diet from jaw form is more reliably achieved by considering relative corpus size rather than cross-sectional geometry.