Arterial ischemic stroke in childhood: the role of plasma-phase risk factors

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Eirini Nestoridi1, Ferdinando S Buonanno, Robin M Jones

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.

Current Opinion in Neurology
|March 30, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Plasma-phase risk factors for pediatric stroke remain unclear, especially in newborns and children with sickle cell disease. Further research is needed to understand their role in childhood stroke pathogenesis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • The role of plasma-phase risk factors in pediatric stroke is poorly understood due to limited large-scale prospective studies.
  • Risk factors vary significantly across different pediatric age groups, including newborns, children with sickle cell disease, and older children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of plasma-phase risk factors in pediatric stroke.
  • To highlight the need for further research into the specific mechanisms and contributions of these factors in various pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on plasma-phase risk factors and pediatric stroke.
  • Analysis of the differential impact of risk factors across age groups and specific conditions like sickle cell disease.

Main Results:

  • Factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, and lipoprotein (a) are implicated in arterial ischemic stroke in older children.
  • The contribution of these factors to stroke in newborns and children with sickle cell disease is uncertain, with other mechanisms likely predominating.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive evaluation of childhood stroke requires assessment of clinical presentation, imaging, and plasma-phase risk factors.
  • Current therapeutic strategies, including anticoagulation and antiplatelet agents, primarily target older children.

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