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Sleep and stroke.

P Clarenbach1, T Wessendorf

  • 1Neurologische Klinik, EV Johannes-Krankenhaus, Schildescher Strasse 99, 33611 Bielefeld, Allemagne.

Revue Neurologique
|April 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep-disordered breathing, including snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, significantly increases stroke risk. Patients with these conditions show higher stroke incidence and poorer outcomes compared to those without.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), encompassing snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is increasingly recognized as a potential risk factor for ischemic strokes.
  • Epidemiological data indicate a higher prevalence of SDB in stroke patients compared to the general population, suggesting a strong association.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between sleep-disordered breathing and ischemic stroke risk.
  • To explore the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms connecting SDB to stroke.
  • To evaluate the impact of SDB on stroke outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on the incidence of stroke in individuals with snoring and sleep apnea.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological pathways, including hypertension, arrhythmia, and vascular changes, associated with SDB.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of hemostatic factors and platelet activation in relation to SDB and stroke.

    • Main Results:

    • Snorers and patients with sleep apnea exhibit higher odds ratios for stroke, even after accounting for confounding factors.
    • SDB contributes to hypertension, arrhythmias, increased carotid intima-media thickness, and carotid atheromas.
    • SDB is associated with altered cerebral blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, elevated homocysteine, and increased platelet activation, promoting thrombosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Sleep-disordered breathing is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke.
    • Pathophysiological mechanisms linking SDB to stroke involve cardiovascular and hemostatic alterations.
    • While nCPAP treatment effectiveness requires further study, apneic stroke patients generally have poorer outcomes than non-apneic patients.