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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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Published on: April 28, 2022

Alcohol consumption and nearly lethal suicide attempts.

K E Powell¹, M J Kresnow, J A Mercy

¹Georgia Department of Human Resources, Division of Public Health, Atlanta, USA. kepowell@dhr.state

Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior

|April 2, 2002

Summary

Nearly lethal suicide attempts are strongly linked to alcohol consumption. Drinking alcohol shortly before a suicide attempt showed the highest association, highlighting immediate alcohol use as a critical risk factor.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Addiction Medicine
Public Health

Background:

Alcohol consumption is a significant public health concern.
Understanding the specific patterns of alcohol use associated with suicide attempts is crucial for prevention.
Previous research indicates a link between alcohol and suicidal behavior, but specific consumption facets require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between various facets of alcohol consumption and nearly lethal suicide attempts in young individuals (13-34 years).
To identify which specific alcohol consumption patterns pose the greatest risk for near-fatal suicide attempts.

Main Methods:

A case-control study design was employed.
Data collected included drinking frequency, quantity, binge drinking, alcoholism, timing of alcohol consumption relative to the attempt, and age of first drink.
Bivariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to assess associations, controlling for confounders.

Main Results:

All measured facets of alcohol consumption were significantly associated with nearly lethal suicide attempts in bivariable analyses.
Drinking alcohol within 3 hours of a suicide attempt demonstrated the strongest association (odds ratios > 6), even after controlling for other factors.
Alcoholism also remained significantly associated, though with less strength than immediate pre-attempt drinking.
A J-shaped relationship was observed between most alcohol exposure variables and near-lethal suicide attempts.

Conclusions:

Immediate alcohol consumption prior to a suicide attempt is a potent risk factor.
Alcoholism remains a significant correlate of near-lethal suicide attempts.
These findings underscore the importance of screening for recent alcohol use in individuals presenting after a suicide attempt.