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The Dutch experience.

Herbert Hendin1

  • 1New York University School of Medicine, USA.

Issues in Law & Medicine
|April 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Dutch euthanasia laws, established in the 1970s, are frequently violated, with involuntary cases exceeding voluntary ones. Palliative care has suffered as euthanasia becomes a common response to severe illness.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Public Health Policy
  • Sociology of Medicine

Background:

  • Euthanasia has been legally sanctioned in the Netherlands since the 1970s.
  • Cultural and historical factors have shaped the acceptance of euthanasia.
  • Recent government-sanctioned studies examine the implementation of euthanasia regulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the adherence to established guidelines for euthanasia in the Netherlands.
  • To investigate the prevalence of voluntary versus involuntary euthanasia cases.
  • To assess the impact of euthanasia practices on palliative and hospice care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Dutch government-sanctioned studies on euthanasia.
  • Analysis of reported euthanasia cases and adherence to regulatory guidelines.
  • Examination of trends in palliative and hospice care in relation to euthanasia prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Established guidelines for euthanasia (e.g., voluntary, persistent request, intolerable suffering, colleague consultation, reporting) are consistently violated.
  • A significant concern is the high number of involuntary euthanasia cases, surpassing voluntary ones.
  • Euthanasia has shifted from an exceptional measure to a common approach for managing severe or terminal illness distress.
  • Palliative care has declined, and hospice care in the Netherlands lags behind international standards.

Conclusions:

  • The regulation of euthanasia in the Netherlands faces consistent violations of established guidelines.
  • Involuntary euthanasia is more prevalent than voluntary, raising significant ethical concerns.
  • The widespread use of euthanasia has negatively impacted the development and provision of palliative and hospice care.
Keywords:
Death and EuthanasiaEmpirical Approach

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