Flexor digitorum accessorius longus

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Orthopedics
• Surgical Anatomy

Background:

• Anatomical variations in the posterior leg compartment are not uncommon.
• The flexor digitorum accessorius longus is a rare supernumerary muscle.
• Understanding its anatomical course is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document the incidence and anatomical characteristics of the flexor digitorum accessorius longus.
• To investigate its potential clinical implications, particularly regarding tarsal tunnel syndrome.

Main Methods:

• Dissection of 100 cadavers.
• Identification and description of the flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle.
• Documentation of its origin, insertion, and relationship to surrounding structures.

Main Results:

• The flexor digitorum accessorius longus was found in 12% of the studied cadavers.
• The muscle exhibited variations in its origin (single or double-headed).
• It consistently descended through the tarsal tunnel, often retaining fleshy fibers.

Conclusions:

• The flexor digitorum accessorius longus is a significant anatomical variant.
• Its presence and anatomical course may contribute to tarsal tunnel syndrome.
• Awareness of this muscle is important for clinicians diagnosing and treating foot and ankle pathologies.