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A European study on the relationship between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance

Stef L A M Bronzwaer1, Otto Cars, Udo Buchholz

  • 1National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Postbak 75, PO Box 1, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands. stef.bronzwaer@rivm.nl

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|April 3, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin in Europe correlates with antibiotic use. Data from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (EARSS) links penicillin nonsusceptibility to sales of beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern.
  • The European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (EARSS) has monitored AMR in Europe since 1998.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant cause of invasive bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between penicillin nonsusceptibility in invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates and outpatient antibiotic sales in Europe.
  • To analyze surveillance data from EARSS alongside antibiotic sales data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surveillance data from EARSS for 1998-99, focusing on penicillin nonsusceptibility of invasive S. pneumoniae isolates.
  • Collected data on outpatient sales of beta-lactam antibiotics and macrolides for 1997.
  • Performed correlational analysis between antibiotic sales and resistance data.

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was observed between the use of beta-lactam antibiotics and macrolides and penicillin nonsusceptibility in S. pneumoniae.
  • Higher antibiotic sales were associated with increased rates of penicillin nonsusceptibility.
  • Geographical variations in resistance patterns were noted in relation to antibiotic consumption.

Conclusions:

  • Outpatient antibiotic use, specifically beta-lactams and macrolides, is a contributing factor to the development of penicillin nonsusceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae in Europe.
  • These findings underscore the importance of antimicrobial stewardship programs to mitigate resistance.
  • Continued surveillance through systems like EARSS is crucial for tracking and managing antimicrobial resistance trends.

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