Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Staghorn calculus endotoxin expression in sepsis.

Irene M McAleer1, George W Kaplan, John S Bradley

  • 1Department of Urology, Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, California, USA.

Urology
|April 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Infected staghorn calculi can lead to severe sepsis, even after stone removal procedures. This case highlights high endotoxin levels in pediatric kidney stones, contributing to fatal sepsis despite low bacterial counts.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Phase 2/3, Open-label, Randomized, Active-controlled Clinical Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam in Pediatric Patients From Birth to Less Than 18 Years With Gram-negative Bacterial Infections.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal·2026
Same author

Correlation Between Renal Biomarkers, Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Meropenem Clearance in Pediatric Septic Shock.

The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG·2026
Same author

Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children: 2017-2023.

Pediatrics·2026
Same author

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by IgM-14 via engagement of two distinct spike epitopes.

PLoS pathogens·2026
Same author

Successful Bacteriophage Treatment of a Recalcitrant Intra-Abdominal Infection Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a 2-Year-Old Child.

The Journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Aminoglycoside Dosing Regimens Adjusted for Renal Function and In Vitro Susceptibility Test Interpretive Criteria for Enterobacterales and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: Brief Summary.

Open forum infectious diseases·2025

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Urology

Background:

  • Staghorn calculi are rare, often infected kidney stones composed of struvite or apatite.
  • These calculi can harbor gram-negative bacteria, producing endotoxins.

Observation:

  • A child with an infected staghorn calculus underwent percutaneous stone manipulation.
  • The child subsequently developed overwhelming sepsis and died.

Findings:

  • Endotoxin levels in stone fragments were extremely high.
  • Low bacterial colony counts were observed in cultures.
  • This is the first reported pediatric case of fatal sepsis linked to endotoxin in staghorn calculi fragments.

Implications:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Endotoxin release from infected staghorn calculi may be a significant factor in sepsis development.
  • Aggressive management and further research into endotoxin's role in pediatric urolithiasis are warranted.
  • This case underscores the potential severity of infected staghorn calculi in children.