Coronary flow velocity reserve after percutaneous interventions is predictive of periprocedural outcome

Because heterogeneous results have been reported, we assessed coronary flow velocity changes in individuals who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and examined their impact on clinical outcome.

As part of the Doppler Endpoints Balloon Angioplasty Trial Europe (DEBATE) II study, 379 patients underwent Doppler flow-guided angioplasty. All patients were evaluated according to their coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) results (> or =2.5 or < 2.5) at the end of the procedure. A CFVR < 2.5 after angioplasty was associated with an elevated baseline blood flow velocity in both the target artery and reference artery. CFVR before PTCA and CFVR in the reference artery were independent predictors of an optimal CFVR after balloon angioplasty (CFVR before PTCA: odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57 to 3.24; CFVR in reference artery: OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.98; both P<0.001) and stent implantation (before PTCA: OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.47 to 4.36; reference artery: OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.07 to 3.87; both P<0.05). A low CFVR at the end of the procedure was an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days (OR, 4.71; 95% CI, 1.14 to 25.92; P=0.034) and at 1 year (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.66; P=0.014). After excluding MACE at 30 days, no difference in MACE at 1 year was observed between the patients with and without a CFVR < 2.5 at the end of the procedure.

A low postprocedural CFVR was associated with a worse periprocedural outcome (which was related to microcirculatory disturbances), but there was no significant difference at late follow-up.