Representation and processing of complex DNA spatial architecture and its annotated genomic content

Rachid Gherbi1, Joan Herisson

  • 1Gesture and Image group, LIMSI-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, BP 133, F-91403 Orsay, France. gherbi@limsi.fr

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Genome Annotation and Assembly

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DNA Packaging

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. In order to fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotes must pack their DNA tightly inside the nucleus. To do so, DNA is wound around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, the main unit of DNA packaging. Nucleosomes then coil into compact fibers known as chromatin.You Have Enough DNA to Stretch to the Sun and Back Hundreds of TimesMost cells in the human body contain about 3 billion base pairs of DNA packaged into 23 pairs of...
DNA Packaging01:10

DNA Packaging

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. In order to fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotes must pack their DNA tightly inside the nucleus. To do so, DNA is wound around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, the main unit of DNA packaging. Nucleosomes then coil into compact fibers known as chromatin.You Have Enough DNA to Stretch to the Sun and Back Hundreds of TimesMost cells in the human body contain about 3 billion base pairs of DNA packaged into 23 pairs of...
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Chromatin Packaging

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Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.